Special thanks go to Dr. James Dinkelacker for his work as Foresight's Executive
Director. Dr. Dinkelacker's achievements at Foresight are too numerous to
list here; Foresight members have seen their effects add up since Jamie
was convinced to relocate to Palo Alto in 1991. See the article in this
issue on Dr. Dinkelacker's move to AMIX and Foresight's Board of Advisors.
Enthusiastic thanks go to volunteer Carol Shaw as her term as bookkeeper
comes to a close. Her work in computerizing the Foresight financial records
has been invaluable and will be greatly appreciated into the indefinite
future by her successors.
Conference chairman Eric Drexler and conference organizer Chris Peterson
extend special thanks to the many volunteers who helped make the First General
Conference on Nanotechnology a success: Jamie Dinkelacker, Dave Krieger,
Tom McKendree, Chip Morningstar, Norma Peterson, Dave Wilson, and many others
who joined in as needed. Thanks also to the speakers and sponsors (see article
in this issue), who gave so generously of their time and funds, respectively.
The firm of Niehaus Ryan Haller Public Relations, especially Ron Pernick
and senior partner Ed Niehaus, performed wonderfully in enabling our message
to reach the public through education of the press. In recognition of their
long hours, thanks go to staff members Jane Nikkel of Foresight and Kathleen
Shatter of IMM.
In connection with the meeting, a prize in molecular nanotechnology was
proposed and initial funds were pledged by Foresight members Marc Arnold
and Ted Kaehler. Work on establishing the prize is in progress by volunteers
Vic Kley and Ted Kaehler and will be reported in a later issue.
Vigorous thanks go to members who send in relevant articles and news, including
but not limited to: Jim Conyngham, Clifton Cooper, Dave Forrest, Rupert
Hazle, Julian Hoogstra, Jeff LaPorte, Thomas McCarthy, Tom McKendree, David
Montane, Ed Regis, Mark Reiners, Marta Sandberg, Bryan Shelby, A. Tsoularis,
Jack Veach. Please keep these coming; the subject of nanotechnology is so
broad that only a cooperative effort can succeed in the information-gathering
task.
On a lighter note, member Jim Till sent along some shirts commemorating
the recent conference, for distribution to the volunteers as thank-you gifts.
These were greatly enjoyed.
We at the Foresight Institute would like to communicate much more frequently
with our membership. The paper newsletter is fine for some purposes, but
it is costly to produce and mail, and uses up more trees than we'd like.
There's a better way to do frequent communication: fax and electronic mail.
To use these means we need your fax number and/or email address. Unless
you've already sent these in, please do so now.
If you're outside the U.S., try to put your fax number into a format we
can use: for example, often a zero before the city code needs to be deleted.
Your email address needs to be in Internet format; it should look roughly
similar to ours (foresight@cup.portal.com) including an @ sign, and ending
in com, gov, edu, org, or a country code such as us, ca, uk, etc.
One of Foresight's main goals is to communicate the concepts of nanotechnology
and molecular manufacturing to members of various groups, from scientists
to students. You can help us refine these explanations:How do the
people you know generally react to these ideas? Please write us and describe
your experiences explaining nanotechnology to others. Which ideas are easy
to get across and which are difficult? Which examples and explanations are
most effective? How do these depend on the listener's background? Please
describe any problems you've encountered. And, last, please tell us a bit
about yourself. Send to Foresight Institute, Attn: Conversations, PO Box
61058, Palo Alto, CA 94306; or email to foresight@cup.portal.com.
The first Nanosystems study group has been formed at Stanford,
organized by Ted Kaehler and chaired by Prof. Bob Solovay of U.C. Berkeley.
For more information, send email to kaehler2@applelink.apple.com or call
408-974-6241.
Molecular CAD at PARC
Geoff Leach is visiting Xerox PARC, working with Ralph Merkle for six months
while on a sabbatical from the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology.
Geoff has a background in computational geometry and graphical software
and is working on molecular CAD tools. The focus of his sabbatical is an
interactive graphical crystal editor. This tool should permit the easy design
of a range of molecules whose structure is a variation of some crystal structure.
This includes molecular bearings, tubes, shafts, and a broad range of other
mechanical devices.
Help Foresight
Our operations and membership are expanding. Your institute could benefit
greatly from donations of office space in the Palo Alto area, a plain-paper
fax machine, or Macintosh equipment. Also, as our fundraising efforts increase,
we could benefit from learning about potential corporate members: companies
that need to keep abreast of nanotechnology. For more information, contact
Foresight and request corporate member information.
First Foresight Workshop
The Foresight Institute hosted "Introduction to Nanotechnology: a Foresight
Institute Briefing" this past July 11th at the Stern Center in Palo
Alto. It was attended by over 50 old and new members. A range of presentations
across the technical and social spectrum were given:
Eric Drexler, opened the briefing with a talk titled "Introduction
to Molecular Nanotechnology."
Ralph Merkle discussed his recent work and showed a video of proposed
molecular devices from designs he has developed in collaboration with Eric
Drexler.
Ted Kaehler gave an overview of the recent artificial life (A-life)
conference he attended, and the potentials and problems of this set of ideas
for nanotechnology.
Marcus Krummenacker discussed his recent work developing molecular
building blocks.
Neil Jacobstein explained the patterns of "Nanotechnology R&D
Sponsorship: International, National and Nonprofit Foundation Projects."
Marc Stiegler discussed social software for nanotechnology with an
explanation of both the Xanadu hypertext concept and the AMIX information
marketplace business.
James C. Bennett discussed emergent policy issues in nanotechnology
and identified the importance of the nanometrics project.
Ed Niehaus described the emerging public perceptions of nanotechnology
and important considerations to reach expanding audiences.
Kathleen Shatter gave an overview of how to bootstrap a research institute
for nanotechnology.
Chris Peterson gave a talk titled "Nanotechnology: Evolution
of the Concept" and presented a historical and developmental context
for nanotechnology and molecular manufacturing.
Gayle Pergamit spoke about "Present Choices, Future Alternatives"
and provided many fresh ideas about how nanotechnology will impact daily
living.
Jamie Dinkelacker talked about "Nanotechnology and the Need for
Foresight" as both a wise activity to consider given the range of social
change emergent with nanotechnology and as an organization dedicated to
addressing and communicating these issues.
Members expressed a high level of satisfaction with the briefing and requested
that others be held in the future.
Editor's note: Dr. Jamie Dinkelacker chaired the workshop. He extends
special thanks to Jane Nikkel and Chip Morningstar for their coordination
and volunteer efforts.
Ralph Merkle has lectured on nanotechnology and/or the related topic of
reversible computation at Stanford Linear Accelerator, Xerox PARC, Physics
of Computation Workshop, IBM Yorktown, Interval Research, among others.
He was also interviewed on NPR's "Talk of the Nation" program.
Eric Drexler has lectured at the W. Alton Jones Foundation, the Pentagon,
and brought a nanotechnology perspective to an Office of Technology Assessment
Workshop on international security issues.
Markus Krummenacker lectured on nanotechnology at the University of Zurich.
Gregory Fahy spoke on medical nanotechnology at the US Pharmacopeial Convention
in September. Kathleen Shatter lectured on nanotechnology at an environmental
conference in Corsica in August.
Due to lack of space in this issue, coverage of media articles will be postponed.
Briefly, nanotechnology has been discussed in a myriad publications including
Time, Science News, San Francisco Chronicle,
San Jose Mercury News, and Los Angeles Daily Journal.
Two Foresight Nanotechnology Conference
Proceedings
Proceedings volumes are now available for Foresight's first two technical
conferences, the first from MIT Press and the second from the journal Nanotechnology,
published by the Institute of Physics.
Nanotechnology: Research and Perspectives,
ed. BC Crandall and James Lewis, MIT Press, 1992, 390 pp., hardcover $39.95.
Proceedings from the First Foresight Conference on Nanotechnology--the first
international technical conference held on the topic--were issued in December
1992. Edited by BC Crandall and James Lewis, the volume is heavily illustrated,
and gives a good overview of the various fields contributing to molecular
nanotechnology development. MIT Press editor Terry Ehling reports that the
book is doing well in early sales. Foresight plans to make this book available
by mail order; meanwhile it can be ordered using Visa or MasterCard from
MIT Press at telephone 800-356-0343 or fax 617-625-6660.
"Design of Self-Assembling Molecular Systems: Electrostatic Structural
Enforcement in Low-Dimensional Molecular Solids" by Michael D. Ward
"Molecular Engineering in Japan: Progress toward Nanotechnology"
by Hiroyuki Sasabe
"Strategies for Molecular Systems Engineering" by K. Eric
Drexler
"Molecular Electronics" by Robert Birge
"Quantum Transistors and Integrated Circuits" by Frederico
Capasso
"Fundamental Physical Constraints on the Computational Process"
by Norman Margolus
"Nanotechnology from a Micromachinist's Point of View" by
Joseph Mallon
"What Major Problems Need to Be Overcome to Design and Build
Molecular Systems?" Panel Discussion: Drexler, Foster, Handel, Merkle,
and Ward
"Possible Medical Applications of Nanotechnology: Hints from
the Field of Aging Research" by Gregory Fahy
"The Future of Computation" by Bill Joy
"Economic Consequences of New Technologies" by Gordon Tullock
"The Risks of Nanotechnology" by Ralph Merkle
"Fears and Hopes of an Environmentalist for Nanotechnology"
by Lester W. Milbrath
"The Weapon of Openness" by Arthur Kantrowitz
"What Public Policy Pitfalls Can Be Avoided in the Development
and Regulation of Nanotechnology?" Panel Discussion: Drexler, Kantrowitz,
Merkle, Milbrath, Schwartz, and Tullock
Appendix A "Machines of Inner Space" by K. Eric Drexler
Appendix B "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" by Richard
Feynman
Toward Molecular Control: Second Foresight
Conference on Molecular Nanotechnology
Fifteen papers from this conference comprise a double issue of the journal
Nanotechnology, published by the Institute of Physics. To order
this double issue, write or fax to: IOP Publishing Ltd., Customer Service,
Techno House, Redcliffe Way, Bristol BS1 6NX, England; fax 44-272-294-318.
Request the two issues (Volume 2, numbers 3 and 4) in the bound-together
version if still available. The cost is $134 or £69, payable by Visa,
check, or bank transfer.
Papers included are:
"Molecular directions in nanotechnology" by K.E. Drexler
"Tip-sample interactions in atomic force microscopy: I. Modulating
adhesion between silicon nitride and glass" by J.H. Hoh, J.P. Revel
and P.K. Hansma
"The bacterial rotary motor" by D.F. Blair
"Computational nanotechnology" by R.C. Merkle
"A combinatorial optimization approach to molecular design"
by J.P. Knight and G.J. McRae
"The use of branched DNA for nanoscale fabrication" by N.C.
Seeman
"Development of molecular patterning and immobilization techniques
for scanning tunnelling microscopy and atomic force microscopy" by
P. Connolly, J. Cooper, G.R. Moores, J. Shen and G. Thompson
"Self-organizing molecular photonic structures based on functionalized
synthetic nucleic acid (DNA) polymers" by M.J. Heller and R.H. Tullis
"Biological applications of scanning tunnelling microscopy: novel
software algorithms for the display, manipulation and interpretation of
STM data" by P.M. Williams, M.C. Davies, D.E. Jackson, C.J. Roberts,
S.J.B. Tendler and M.J. Wilkins
"A study of nanostructure assemblies and guest-host interactions
in sodium zeolite--Y using 23Na double-rotation NMR" by
R. Jelinek, A. Pines, S. Özkar and G.A. Ozin
"Theoretical studies of a hydrogen abstraction tool for nanotechnology"
by C.B. Musgrave, J.K. Perry, R.C. Merkle and W.A. Goddard III
"Two-dimensional (glyco)protein crystals as patterning elements
for the controlled immobilization of functional molecules" by D. Pum,
M. Sára, P. Messner and U.B. Sleytr
"Self-assembly approach to protein design" by M. Lieberman,
M. Tabet, D. Tahmassebi, Jingli Zhang and T. Sasaki
"Polymerization of immunoglobulin domains: a model system for
the development of facilitated macromolecular assembly" by F.J. Stevens
and E.A. Myatt
"Cyanobiphenyl-group alignment observed by a scanning tunneling
microscope" by H. Nejoh, D.P.E. Smith and M. Aono
Dr. James Dinkelacker, formerly Executive Director of Foresight and now
Vice President of Marketing at the American Information Exchange, has joined
the Foresight Board of Advisors. Chris Peterson explained, "While Jamie's
day-to-day input will be missed, Foresight will have his ongoing advice
and assistance in management, communications, marketing, and research. We
wish him success at AMIX and in all his future projects, and we look forward
to his ongoing participation in the Foresight effort."
Ted Kaehler, computer scientist with Apple Computer and Board member
of the Center for Constitutional Issues in Technology,
Dr. Michael Kelly, Consulting Professor with Stanford's Department
of Materials Science and Engineering,
Ed Niehaus, senior partner of Niehaus Ryan Haller Public Relations
and former President of Software Entrepreneurs Forum, and
Hardin Tibbs, an expert in strategic management of technology at Global
Business Network, a research and consulting firm specializing in scenario
planning and long range strategy development.
Kathleen Shatter, IMM's Executive Director, explains: "With IMM's expanding
goals, we needed to bring on additional talent that can help make this new
research institute happen. Each of our new advisors brings a new and valuable
perspective to the project of growing IMM."